Registered Cardiovascular Invasive Specialist (RCIS) Practice Test

Which statement is TRUE about atherosclerosis?

1. It is reversible with simple lifestyle changes.

2. It predominantly affects veins rather than arteries.

3. It contributes to the narrowing of arteries due to plaque build-up.

4. It is only caused by genetic predisposition.

The correct answer is: It contributes to the narrowing of arteries due to plaque build-up.

Atherosclerosis is a significant health concern characterized by the buildup of plaque within the arterial walls. This accumulation of fatty substances, cholesterol, cellular waste products, and calcium leads to the narrowing and hardening of the arteries, which can impede blood flow. The correct statement emphasizes the pathophysiological process involved in atherosclerosis, highlighting its impact on arteries. The condition primarily affects large and medium-sized arteries, rather than veins, which further supports why the statement regarding plaque buildup is accurate. Additionally, while atherosclerosis can be influenced by genetic factors, environmental factors such as lifestyle habits—diet, exercise, and smoking—also play a crucial role in its progression. However, it is not solely caused by genetic predisposition, indicating that other elements must be considered as well. In the context of understanding cardiovascular health, recognizing that atherosclerosis leads to narrowing arteries due to plaque is vital for grasping its implications for conditions such as coronary artery disease and peripheral artery disease. This understanding can inform both patient education and treatment strategies aimed at reducing risk factors associated with the disease.